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Fermentation Atlas

Sauces and condiments from Malaysia

Budubudu

Thick, cloudy fish sauce with fish solids; pH 5.4–6.5, moisture 45–60 % [s1]. A proposed Malaysian standard sets salt at 15–33 % (w/v), pH 5.3–6.2, crude protein at least 13 %, soluble solids at least 33 °Brix, histamine at most 50 mg/100 g and TMA at most 14 mg/100 g [usm-budu]. Made in 4 steps over 3 months – 12 months. The longest step, ferment under a salt cap, takes 3–12 months (JIRCAS) and runs at 30–40 °C (USM e-repository). Salt is 19.4–20.6 % (Narzary et al. 2021). Lactobacillus plantarum and Staphylococcus arlettae do most of the fermenting.

Key numbers
Main step3–12 monthsReported[jircas-budu][usm-budu]Ferment under a salt cap
Temperature30–40 °CReported[usm-budu]Ferment under a salt cap
Salt19.4–20.6 %Measured[s1]Mix anchovy and salt
DocumentedSauces and condiments3 months – 12 monthsMore sauces and condimentsMore from ThailandMore from Malaysia

Recipe

No fixed amounts recordedWhat goes in. No source gives amounts for this ferment.
anchovy Stolephorus indicus
Clupeoides
Sardinella
Anchoviella commersonii
salt
palm sugar and tamarind added late
Starter: spontaneous

Total time across the recorded steps: 3 months – 12 months

Start
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Salt 19.4–20.6 %

What changes: Anchovies are mixed with salt and packed into jars or tanks

Step 1 of 4
Mix anchovy and salt
Time
Not documented
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
19.4–20.6 %
Measured
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
Lactobacillus plantarum
T. halophilus
Bacillus licheniformis
Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Output: salted anchovy.

Flavour
Not documented
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented

Microbes at work in this step

Not documented for this step.

Method

Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source