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Pasteurised cow milk is set with lactic cultures and rennet, and the soft curd is pumped from the whey into moulds without lumps. Pressed only lightly, the warm curd fuses under its own weight, which keeps many small irregular holes. Rind cheeses get a smear for one to two weeks, then ripen cooler for one to three weeks. Made in 5 steps over 14 days – 35 days. The longest step, ripen cooler, takes 7–21 days (European Commission 2014) and runs at 8–12 °C (European Commission 2014). Lactic acid bacteria and flavour-producing bacteria does most of the fermenting.
No fixed amounts recordedNeither the PGI nor the Codex standard gives amounts. The PGI fixes the moulding, the curd temperature and the first weeks of ripening.
Salt · Sodium chloride, or potassium chloride as a salt substitute[codex-havarti]
Chives or dill (optional) · Allowed if their taste can be picked out[havarti-pgi]
Starter: mesophilic lactic and flavour-producing cultures
Total time across the recorded steps: 14 days – 35 days
Start
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What changes:Lactic cultures and rennet go into pasteurised milk and it sets
Step 1 of 5
Set pasteurised milk with cultures and rennet
Time
Not documented
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
Lactic acid bacteria
Output: curd.
Flavour
Not documented
Texture
soft gel
Colour
white
Microbes at work in this step
lactic and flavour-producing bacteria begin to sour the milk
Method
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
What makes this one different
Havarti is a pumped-curd cheese. The curd is pumped into moulds while still warm and is hardly pressed, so it fuses under its own weight and keeps many small irregular holes. Gouda, the washed-curd template, is pressed in its moulds.
Milk
Pasteurised cow milk only (PGI)
Ripening
With rind: 1–2 weeks at 14–18 °C, then 1–3 weeks at 8–12 °C; rindless: 3 weeks at 12–20 °C (2014 PGI text)
Water and fat
PGI rules: at most 50 % water at 45–55 % fat in dry matter; at most 42 % water at 60 % fat in dry matter or more (flødehavarti)
The PGI text says Hanne Nielsen made cheese at the Havartigården farm near Copenhagen from 1866 to 1890, and that the pumped-curd method was taught to Danish dairies in 1921.