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Queso Oaxaca is a Mexican stretched-curd cheese. The milk is soured, either by leaving it to stand for hours or by adding acid, then set with rennet; the curd is left to acidify further, kneaded in water at about 70–80 °C and pulled into long ribbons. The salted ribbons are wound into balls and eaten fresh. Made in 7 steps over 25 days. The longest step, keep cold, takes 24 days (Fuentes L 2015) and runs at 8 °C (Fuentes L 2015). Salt is 2 % (Huerta-Jimenez M. et al. 2022). Lactococcus lactis, isolated through the making of raw-milk Oaxaca cheese and Lactobacillus plantarum, the predominant lactobacillus in raw-milk Oaxaca cheese do most of the fermenting.
Amounts from a sourceThe amounts are from a 5-litre artisanal-style lab make that followed Villegas's method; no national recipe gives amounts. Real makes vary widely.
Salt · Rubbed onto the stretched ribbon in a lab make[hj2022]
Starter
spontaneous souring of raw milk; mesophilic or thermophilic cultures with pasteurised milk
Total time across the recorded steps: 25 days
Start
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What changes:Left to stand for hours, the milk's own bacteria turn its lactose into lactic acid
Step 1 of 7
Sour the milk
Time
Not documented
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
Lactococcus lactis
Lactobacillus plantarum
Lactobacillus
Artisanal makers let the milk stand for hours; industry may add glacial acetic acid. A lab make adjusted the milk to 37 °D (pH 5.8–5.9) with acetic acid.
Flavour
Not documented
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented
Microbes at work in this step
the milk's own bacteria turn lactose into lactic acid
Method
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
What makes this one different
Like mozzarella it is a pasta filata, but the curd is stretched into long flat ribbons that are salted and wound into a ball rather than shaped into a round. Artisanal makers sour the raw milk naturally before renneting.
Standard composition (NMX-F-733-COFOCALEC-2010)
At least 21.5 % protein and 20 % fat, at most 51 % moisture
Survey of makers
pH 4.9–5.8 and salt 8.4–36.2 g/kg, because the process is not standardised
For raw-milk Oaxaca cheese, kneading the curd in water at 70–80 °C is a key control point. Mexican legislation excludes cheeses made from raw milk, and industrial versions use pasteurised milk with added cultures. Keep it cold; in vacuum packs at 8 °C its quality fell gradually over 24 days.
The cheese takes its name from Oaxaca, its probable place of origin. A popular story dates it to Reyes Etla in 1885; no primary source was found for it.