What the sources record about each of these so far.
Bebè di SorrentoItaly, Campania
A young, mild caciocavallo made for summer tourists; named for its baby-in-swaddling shape. Made all year.
- Rind
- Thin, soft, smooth, white to pale straw
- Size
- About 0.5 kg; 5–6 cm diameter, 10–12 cm tall
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Cook the curd
- Mould and salt
- Ripen
Burrini e burrata di bufalaItaly, Campania
Butter-filled pasta filata born as a way to keep butter fresh; the butter comes from whey cream, not milk cream.
- Rind
- Skin; smooth, glossy to matt, white to straw as it ages
- Size
- 0.3–0.5 kg
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Cut and drain the curd90 °C
- Mould and salt
- Ripen
Caciocavallo del FormicosoItaly, Campania
Plateau caciocavallo of standard 2.5 kg weight from small local herds. ONAF text calls it cooked curd while facets say raw curd.
- Rind
- Clean
- Size
- 2.5 kg (standardised)
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Mould and salt
- Ripen
Civil peyniri / küflü civilErzurum/Kars
string cheese; mouldy version is blue-ish
- Milk
- cow milk, skim
- Ripening
- fresh or mould-ripened in jars/skins months
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Dil peyniriTurkey
stretched 'tongue' sheets
- Milk
- cow milk
- Ripening
- fresh
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Farci-provolaItaly, Calabria
Provola wrapped around Calabrian cured meat, said to have begun as a way to get salumi past US customs to emigrants.
- Rind
- Very thin smooth skin, ivory to pale straw
- Size
- 2.0–4.0 kg; long irregular cylinder
- Boundary
- Holds a cured-meat filling
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Cut and drain the curd3–4 days
- Mould and salt
Formaella Arachovas Parnassou PDOArachova
grilling cheese
- Milk
- sheep/goat milk
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Gibna mudafara (braided)Sudan
braided stretched cheese with black cumin
- Milk
- cow milk
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Gołka (ser gazdowski)Poland, Podhale and the Silesian Beskids
Also called gołka, gołki, ser gazdowski, pucok, kara, golka.
Cow milk is warmed to 36–37 °C and set with rennet, and the curd is kneaded, scalded in hot water and pressed into a decorated cylinder, then smoked in a farmhouse smokehouse. It is the cow-milk cousin of the sheep-milk oscypek, made when the ewes were not being milked.
- Milk
- Cow milk only
- Size
- 6–15 cm long, 0.3–0.6 kg
- Composition
- Mean 43.9% water and 3.11% salt in 20 market samples
- Warm the milk36–37 °C
- Add rennet
- Knead and scald the curd
- Press into a decorated cylinder
- Smoke at home2.3–4.2 % salt
Safety: In 20 market samples the histamine content stayed under 50 mg/kg, but some had high levels of other biogenic amines and many had Enterobacteriaceae, showing hygiene lapses. Buy from makers who keep the milk and curd clean.
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MRiRW), List of Traditional Products, « Ser gazdowski – gołka (pucok, kara) », Małopolskie, entered 7 October 2008 (archived page)
- MRiRW, List of Traditional Products, « Ser gazdowski – gołka », Śląskie, entered 13 November 2008
- Surówka K., Rzepka M., Maciejaszek I., Tesarowicz I., Zawiślak A., Banaś J. 2016, Jakość i bezpieczeństwo serków wędzonych wytwarzanych w regionie Podhala, Żywność. Nauka. Technologia. Jakość 4(107):102–114
- Ceklarz K. 2023, Oscypek na nowo. Między tradycją a turystycznym biznesem, Perspektywy Kultury 42(3/2023)
Kars kaşarıKars
- Milk
- cow milk
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Majdouleh / Mshallaleh / Syrian string cheeseSyria/Lebanon
braided; nigella
- Milk
- cow milk
- Ripening
- fresh/brined
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Manteca del CilentoItaly, Campania
Pasta filata around butter made from whey: whey heated to 75–80 °C yields 'prima ricotta' flakes, drained a day, then hand-worked with 10–15 °C water to free the fat. Listed as at risk.
- Rind
- Thin skin, white to straw
- Size
- 0.4–0.5 kg; 10–12 cm diameter; round or elongated with head
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Cut and drain the curd
- Mould and salt12 h
- Ripen
Mugnaia di bufalaItaly, Lazio
Buffalo pasta filata braid that softens over a few days into a creamy, spreadable, stracchino-like paste.
- Rind
- None or a soft, clean skin
- Size
- Variable, not defined; large braid
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Mould and salt
- Ripen
Pirotski kačkavaljPirot
- Milk
- sheep/cow milk
- Ripening
- ≥2 mo
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Provolone del Monaco PDOMonti Lattari
melon shape, raffia
- Milk
- cow milk, (Agerolese)
- Ripening
- ≥6 mo
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Provolone invecchiato di bufala di FormelloItaly, Lazio
Very large buffalo provolone aged hanging for one to five years.
- Rind
- Thin, slightly elastic to rigid, ochre-yellow
- Size
- Up to about 20 kg; segmented pumpkin shape
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Mould and salt
- Ripen12 months – 5 years
Provolone Valpadana PDOPo valley
kid/lamb paste for piccante
- Milk
- cow milk
- Ripening
- dolce ≤3 mo; piccante >3 mo
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Queijo CabacinhaBrazil, Minas Gerais
Gourd-shaped raw-milk pasta filata, mozzarella-like when fresh; hung by the neck to ripen, a habit from the days without refrigeration. Variants with garlic or filled with goiabada.
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Cook the curd
- Mould and salt
- Ripen
Quesillo (Honduras, Nicaragua)Central America
- Milk
- cow milk
- Ripening
- fresh
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Queso crinejaVenezuela
Also called clineja, queso de trenza.
Venezuelan braided pasta filata, precooked like queso de mano and guayanés.
- Size
- Braid
- Prepare the milk
- Cook the curd
- Mould and salt
Queso de capas (Mompox)Colombia
stretched layers with guava paste
- Milk
- cow milk
- Ripening
- fresh
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Queso de hoja (Puerto Rico)Puerto Rico
Also called queso de hoja, leaf cheese.
Fresh cow milk is set and the curd is cut into thick blocks that drain for several hours. The blocks are scalded in water or whey at 150 °F (65.5 °C), flattened with a wooden paddle, salted, folded in layers and squeezed in a cloth. Cut open, the thin layers look like leaves stacked on one another, which gives the cheese its name.
- Milk
- Fresh cow milk
- Ripening
- None described; a fresh cheese
- Size
- About 6 inches (15 cm) across and 1–2 inches thick, with slightly rounded faces
- Set the milk and cut the curd into blocks
- Drain part of the wheySeveral hours
- Scald the blocks65.5 °C
- Flatten, salt and fold in layers
- Wrap in cloth and squeeze
Queso doble cremaColombia
Soft, melting Colombian fresh cheese: a high-fat, high-moisture pasta filata whose acid whey is reused for other cheeses (quesillo).
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Cook the curd
- Mould and salt
Queso PalmitoCosta Rica, Alajuela
Also called queso arrollado.
Costa Rican rolled pasta filata; technology credited to Italian immigrants. Consumers prefer traditional samples with visible stringy layers and creamy taste.
- Size
- Rolled cylinder (looks like a palm heart)
- Prepare the milk
- Cook the curd
- Mould and salt
Queso peraColombia, Boyacá
Also called queso de mano (Boyacá), queso charaleño, queso campesino tipo mozzarella.
Queso pera is a fresh Colombian pasta filata cheese shaped like a pear. Cow milk is set with rennet and the curd is left a few hours to sour until its pH falls from 6.6 to about 5.2, then stretched in water or brine above 70 °C, shaped and briefly brined.
- Milk
- Fresh cow milk
- Composition
- 46 % fat in dry matter; 63 % moisture on a fat-free basis
- Set the milk with rennet
- Sour the curd
- Stretch in hot water or brineat least 70 °C
- Shape into pears and salt
Queso telitaVenezuela
- Milk
- cow milk
- Ripening
- fresh
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Ragusano PDOSicily
large brick; tina wooden vat with biofilm
- Milk
- cow milk, (Modicana) raw
- Ripening
- ≥3 mo
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
RiavulilloItaly, Campania
Miniature caciocavallo ('little devil') with an olive-and-chilli heart.
- Rind
- Thin skin, ochre from smoking
- Size
- 50–100 g
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Cut and drain the curd2 h
- Mould and salt
- Ripen
ScamosciataItaly, Campania
Little-known soft pasta filata shaped like a long loaf ('pagnotta'); mostly eaten locally.
- Rind
- Very thin skin, porcelain white
- Size
- Variable; elongated loaf
- Prepare the milk
- Set the curd
- Cut and drain the curd
- Mould and salt
Slovenská parenica PGISlovakia
steamed curd ribbons wound into snail, smoked
- Milk
- sheep/cow milk
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Slovenské pařené korbáčiky PGIOrava
braided strings
- Milk
- sheep/cow milk
- Ripening
- fresh/smoked
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Slovenský oštiepok PGISlovakia
scalded, egg-shaped decorated moulds, smoked
- Milk
- sheep/cow milk
- Ripening
- ≥6 d
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Svanuri sulguniSvaneti
smoked
- Milk
- cow milk
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
TeniliMeskheti, Georgia
curd pulled into fine threads, layered with butter in clay pots; Slow Food Presidium
- Milk
- sheep milk
- Ripening
- months in clay pots
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.
Türkmen saçak peyniri (saçaklı peynir)Turkey, Kars and Ardahan
Also called tel, iplik, kadayıf peyniri, saç peyniri (Oltu).
Thread cheese of the Turkmen villages of the Kars plateau, sold loose like kadayıf; 30 market samples were unstandardised, low in fat and high in salt-in-DM.
- Prepare the milk
- Mould and salt
- Ripen
Vastedda della Valle del Belìce PDOSicily
only stretched sheep cheese PDO
- Milk
- sheep milk, raw
- Ripening
- fresh
Made like Pasta filata (stretched-curd) cheese family.