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Alcoholic drinks from England and the rest of the British Isles
Ginger beer (brewed, ginger-beer plant or ginger bug)ginger beer
Traditional ginger beer is sugar water with ginger, fermented by the ginger-beer plant, a jelly-like clump of a yeast and a bacterium, or by a home-grown ginger bug. After a day or two in an open pot it is bottled and corked, and gas builds up until it is fizzy. Made in 7 steps over 7 days – 9 days. The longest step, revive or start the culture, takes 4 days (de Oliveira L.I.G. et al. 2024). Saccharomyces florentinus and Lentilactobacillus hilgardii do most of the fermenting.
Ginger-beer plant, or a ginger bug · Pieces of the jelly-like culture; the lees are reused for the next batch. A ginger bug is ginger, sugar and water fed until it bubbles.[ward1892][deoliveira2024]
Starter
the ginger-beer plant (a symbiotic yeast and bacterium culture) or a ginger bug, reused by back-slopping
Total time across the recorded steps: 7 days – 9 days
Start
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What changes:Fed sugar, the ginger-beer plant or ginger bug wakes up and starts to bubble
Step 1 of 7
Revive or start the culture
Time
4 days
Measured
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
S. florentinus
L. hilgardii
Lactic acid bacteria
Yeasts
Output: active ginger-beer plant or ginger bug.
Flavour
Not documented
Texture
the plant is jelly-like, semi-transparent, yellowish-white lumps in brain-like clumps
Colour
Not documented
Microbes at work in this step
Not documented for this step.
Method
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
What makes this one different
Ginger ale is carbonated with pressurised gas, but brewed ginger beer gets its fizz from live fermentation in the bottle. The ginger-beer plant is one symbiotic clump. The bacterium's thick slime sheaths hold the yeast cells, and Ward rebuilt the plant by mixing the two pure cultures.
Pressure is the main hazard. Ward warned that corked bottles can burst within a few days, and WSU's fermentation programme warns that a closed container that over-ferments can build pressure until it explodes. Brewed ginger beer is not alcohol-free; a Botswana home brew had 3.99 % ethanol, and in the US a drink that reaches 0.5 % at any time, including after bottling, counts as an alcohol beverage.
Harry Marshall Ward studied ginger-beer plant samples from 1887, sent from Kew, Oxford and elsewhere in Britain and from America. He found it in home ginger-beer making across the British Isles, where the drink was sold in brown stoneware bottles with tied corks.