Skip to main content
Support

Browse by category

All categories
Fermentation Atlas

Fish and seafood from India

Hentakhentak

Hentak is a Meitei fish paste made from small, sun-dried fish ground to powder and pounded with an equal weight of sun-wilted aroid stalks. The paste is rolled into small balls and fermented in an earthen pot for about two weeks. The dark, soft balls are roasted and cooked into curries and chutneys. Made in 6 steps over 14 days. The longest step, ferment in a small earthen pot, takes 14 days (Ahongshangbam M 2025). Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus fructosus and L. amylophilus and Bacillus subtilis do most of the fermenting.

Key numbers
Main step14 daysReported[ahongshangbam2025]Ferment in a small earthen pot
AciditypH 6.6Reported[narzary2021]Ferment in a small earthen pot
Fully documentedFish and seafood14 daysMore fish and seafoodMore from India

Recipe

Amounts from a sourceThe only fixed amount the sources give is the equal weight of fish powder and petiole; households make it by hand with no set batch size.
1 part by weightEsomus danricus, sorted, washed, sun-dried and ground to a fine powder[ahongshangbam2025]
1 part by weight (equal to the fish)Alocasia macrorrhizos petioles, washed, chopped and sunned for an hour · Colocasia esculenta or onion are sometimes used instead; onion shortens storage[ahongshangbam2025]
Starterspontaneous

Total time across the recorded steps: 14 days

Start
Drag the bar or press Play

What changes: Small fish dry in the sun

Step 1 of 6
Sort, wash and sun-dry the fish
Time
Not documented
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
Enterococcus faecium
Lactobacillus fructosus
Lactic acid bacteria
Bacillus subtilis

Output: dried small fish.

Flavour
Not documented
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented

Microbes at work in this step

Not documented for this step.

Method

Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source

What makes this one different

Hentak is ngari's sister product. Ngari is dried fish packed alone into an oil-coated, sealed pot for three to twelve months; hentak mixes dried fish powder with fresh aroid stalks and is ready in about two weeks.

Related ferments

Variants

  • Hentak with onion or ColocasiaOnion or Colocasia esculenta replaces Alocasia; onion shortens storage.
  • Ngapemma hentakMade from Trichogaster fasciata (ngapemma) instead of Esomus danricus.

Safety

No safety study of hentak was found. It is roasted or cooked before eating. By Meitei custom, hentak made from ngapemma fish or with Alocasia is not eaten during pregnancy.

History and sources

Every number is labelled with how it is known. How this atlas is made

Meitei mothers eat hentak in place of ngari after giving birth, for its calcium. It is one of the five main Meitei fermented foods, with hawaijar, ngari, soibum and soidon.

  1. [ahongshangbam2025] Ahongshangbam M., Sharma D. 2025, Exploring the flavors, preparation technique and nutritional benefit of indigenous fermented food of Meitei community, Kvasny prumysl 71:1075–1086, doi:10.18832/kp2025.71.1075paper
  2. [narzary2021] Narzary Y., Das S., Goyal A., Lam S., Sarma H., Sharma D. 2021, Fermented fish products in South and Southeast Asian cuisine, Journal of Ethnic Foods 8:33, doi:10.1186/s42779-021-00109-0 (tables 1 and 2, citing Thapa, Pal and Tamang 2004)paper
  3. [singh2018] Singh S.S., De Mandal S., Lalnunmawii E., Senthil Kumar N. 2018, Antimicrobial, antioxidant and probiotics characterization of dominant bacterial isolates from traditional fermented fish of Manipur, North-East India, J. Food Sci. Technol. 55(5):1870–1879 (abstract)paper
  4. [aarti2016] Aarti C., Khusro A., Arasu M.V., Agastian P., Al-Dhabi N.A. 2016, Biological potency and characterization of antibacterial substances produced by Lactobacillus pentosus isolated from hentak, SpringerPlus 5:1743; and Aarti C. et al. 2017, Lactobacillus brevis strain LAP2 from hentak, LWT 86:438–446 (abstracts)paper