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Moraya (Andean white chuño soaked in still water)moraya
Moraya is dried potato made by freezing and then soaking in semi-stagnant water, as the 2007 Peruvian Indecopi norm defines it, in a process similar to tunta. In the Bolivian Aymara account, muraya means tubers that develop a fermented odour after long submersion in water. No study we found names microbes in it, so the fermentation is only reported, not shown.
DocumentedRoots and tubers20 days – 30 days
Recipe
No fixed amounts recordedField practice with no fixed amounts.
Semi-stagnant water for moraya, running river water for tunta (Peruvian norm as reported by Agraria)[ramos2019]
Starter
spontaneous (reported, not shown)
Total time across the recorded steps: 20 days – 30 days
Start
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What changes:Potatoes freeze outdoors at night, thaw by day and are trampled
Step 1 of 4
Freeze outdoors at night, thaw by day and trample
Time
Not documented
Temperature
-16–-1 °C
Reported
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Output: frozen, pressed tubers.
Flavour
Not documented
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented
Microbes at work in this step
none; ice breaks the cells
Method
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
At a glance
Moraya is dried potato made by freezing and then soaking in semi-stagnant water, as the 2007 Peruvian Indecopi norm defines it, in a process similar to tunta. In the Bolivian Aymara account, muraya means tubers that develop a fermented odour after long submersion in water. No study we found names microbes in it, so the fermentation is only reported, not shown. Made in 4 steps over 20 days – 30 days. The longest step, soak in semi-stagnant water for weeks, takes 20–30 days (Valdivieso F 2026). Not identified. Muraya is described by its fermented smell after long soaking; no microbes were measured. does most of the fermenting.
The Peruvian norm separates moraya from tunta by its water. Tunta is soaked in running river water, and moraya in semi-stagnant water. The Aymara account separately describes a household tunta variant soaked in still water that comes out darker and lead-grey; it does not call that product muraya.
Soaking leaches part of the bitter glycoalkaloids from bitter potatoes; no microbial study we read shows fermentation. These glycoalkaloids are toxic. An intake of 1 mg per kg of body weight or more can bring on vomiting and diarrhoea, and boiling peeled potatoes removes only 5–65 % (EFSA 2020). No source read measures them in finished moraya.
The Peruvian Indecopi technical norm of 2007 on dried potato defines moraya as a white-brown dried tuber made by a process similar to tunta in semi-stagnant water, alongside tunta, tuntilla, chuño, lojota and khachu-chuño (as reported by Agraria.pe in 2019). A 2026 ethnobotanical survey of Aymara food plants in Bolivia records muraya as potato that smells fermented after long submersion.