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The first vinegar recipe in chapter 71 of the 6th-century Qimin Yaoshu. Wheat yi starter, water and cold cooked foxtail millet go into a jar in layers and are left unstirred under silk floss. A measure of fresh well water is added on the mornings of day 7 and day 21, and the vinegar is ripe on day 21.
Fully documentedVinegar21 days
Recipe
Amounts from a sourceThe text's general proportions (大率). The amounts are scaled up in the same ratio until the jar is full.
Wheat yi starter (麥䴷)1 dou (斗); 2 dou in the Siku edition
What changes:Cooked foxtail millet is spread out until it is cold
Step 1 of 4
Cook the foxtail millet and spread it to cool
Time
Not documented
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
Saccharomyces sp.
Acetobacter pasteurianus
Acetobacter oryzoeni
Acetobacter pomorum
Output: cold cooked millet.
Flavour
Not documented
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented
Microbes at work in this step
Not documented for this step.
Method
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
At a glance
The first vinegar recipe in chapter 71 of the 6th-century Qimin Yaoshu. Wheat yi starter, water and cold cooked foxtail millet go into a jar in layers and are left unstirred under silk floss. A measure of fresh well water is added on the mornings of day 7 and day 21, and the vinegar is ripe on day 21. Made in 4 steps over 21 days. The longest step, ferment under silk floss, adding well water on day 7 and day 21, takes 21 days (Jia Sixie 2026). Saccharomyces sp. and Acetobacter pasteurianus do most of the fermenting.
Nothing is stirred, the millet goes in all at once with the starter and water, and the only later step is two measures of fresh well water. The barley vinegar in the same chapter is stirred often and fed millet later.
Qimin Yaoshu (6th century, Jia Sixie), juan 8, ch. 71 作酢法. The chapter opens by glossing 酢 as the word of its day for 醋 (vinegar). It closes by quoting Cui Shi, who says vinegar can be made on the 4th day of the 4th month and on the 5th day of the 5th month [qmys-ws].
Temperature, salt and pH
The 6th-century Qimin Yaoshu gives warmth only in words and salt only by volume, and no study we found has measured this recipe.