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Alcoholic drinks from Northern and Chaco Argentina

Aloja de algarroba (Prosopis pod beer)aloja

Aloja is a regional drink of north-west Argentina made from the pods of the white algarrobo tree (Prosopis alba). The pods are pounded, topped up with water and left about two days, while lactic bacteria and then yeasts turn their sugar into a slightly sour drink of 5–7 % alcohol. It is drunk soon after it is made.

Fully documentedAlcoholic drinks3 days

Recipe

Amounts from a sourceA 2 kg family batch of pods made up to about 5 L, as recorded in a 2012 conference study from Santiago del Estero. The study says the recipe varies with the region.
Algarrobo pods, moistened and pounded by hand in a wooden mortar2 kgThe quantity of the family recipe recorded in the 2012 study[sciammaro2012]
Rain water or tap waterWater to make up about 5 LThe study found no clear difference in the fermentation between the two waters[sciammaro2012]
Home recipe given on Spanish WikipediaAbout 5 ripe, medium pods per litre of waterEach pod is split in two and left in a closed container in the dark[eswp-aloja]

Total time across the recorded steps: 3 days

Start
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What changes: Ripe algarroba pods are gathered

Step 1 of 5
Gather ripe pods
Time
Not documented
Temperature
Not documented
Salt
None given
Acidity
Not documented
Which microbes the steps name, step by step
Yeasts
Lactic acid bacteria

Output: ripe algarrobo pods.

Flavour
sweet pods
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented

Microbes at work in this step

Not documented for this step.

Method

Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source

At a glance

Aloja is a regional drink of north-west Argentina made from the pods of the white algarrobo tree (Prosopis alba). The pods are pounded, topped up with water and left about two days, while lactic bacteria and then yeasts turn their sugar into a slightly sour drink of 5–7 % alcohol. It is drunk soon after it is made. Made in 5 steps over 3 days. The longest step, let the yeasts make alcohol, takes 2 days (Sciammaro L.P 2012). Lactic acid bacteria and Yeasts do most of the fermenting.

Key numbers
Main step2 daysReported[sciammaro2012]Let the yeasts make alcohol
Temperature34 °CMeasured[sciammaro2012]Add water and let lactic bacteria sour it
AciditypH 3.8Measured[sciammaro2012]Let the yeasts make alcohol

What makes this one different

The sugar is already in the pod, so aloja needs no malting or cooking. The pods are moistened and pounded, water is added, and the drink ferments in about two days.

Related ferments

Variants

  • AñapaA similar preparation, unfermented or so lightly fermented that it stays below 1 % alcohol.
  • Ckilapana (San Pedro de Atacama, Chile)A fermented drink of water and algarrobo fruit made by the Lickanantai, called aloja by the Spanish. It is used in farming work such as cleaning canals and sowing.
  • Aloja de culén (Chile)A Chilean drink of that name, made with culén (Otholobium glandulosum), not algarrobo.
  • Aloja de miel (Spain)The Spanish-type aloja, made only of water, spices and honey; not the pod beer.

Safety

In the recorded batch the enterobacteria count fell as the lactic fermentation soured the mash, and no staphylococci were detected. This is one family batch, not a safety limit.

Hazards the sources name: Enterobacteria (the count fell during the lactic fermentation).

History and sources

Every number is labelled with how it is known. How this atlas is made

Archaeobotanical studies of north-west Argentina, reviewed in a 2022 paper, find that pod drinks like añapa dominated in the Formative period and drinks like aloja in the Late and Inka periods, possibly linked to communal gatherings. Spanish Wikipedia says aloja was sold from street kiosks in the squares of San Miguel de Tucumán until the 1960s.

Starter
The sources we found do not say how its fermentation begins.
  1. [sciammaro2012] Sciammaro L.P., Gómez A.V., Puppo M.C., Voget C.E. 2012, Caracterización de aloja, una bebida fermentada autóctona del NOA (poster abstract), IV Congreso Internacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Córdoba, Actas p. 484paper
  2. [fuertes2022] Fuertes J., López M.L., Wynveldt F., Iucci M.E. 2022, Prácticas de preparación y consumo de frutos de Prosopis spp. en un evento ritual, Intersecciones en Antropología 23(2):227–242, doi:10.37176/iea.23.2.2022.754paper
  3. [eswp-aloja] Spanish Wikipedia, Aloja (bebida) (outline only)wiki