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Raw whole milk from native Sicilian sheep is warmed with local saffron and set with lamb or kid rennet paste at 34–36 °C. The small curd is semi-cooked at 47–55 °C, mixed with whole black peppercorns, pressed into rush baskets and left under hot whey for about three hours. It is dry-salted three times about ten days apart and ripens at least 60 days. The paste is an even saffron yellow.
What changes:Saffron and lamb rennet go into the warm raw sheep milk
Step 1 of 6
Warm with saffron and set with rennet
Time
at least 40 min
Reported
Temperature
34–36 °C
Reported
Salt
None given
Acidity
pH 6.5–6.8
Set
Flavour
Not documented
Texture
Not documented
Colour
Not documented
Microbes at work in this step
Not documented for this step.
Method
Measured measured in a studySet fixed by a specification or tested recipeReported one source reports itTypical a general value, not sourced for this fermentUnconfirmed not yet checked against a source
At a glance
Raw whole milk from native Sicilian sheep is warmed with local saffron and set with lamb or kid rennet paste at 34–36 °C. The small curd is semi-cooked at 47–55 °C, mixed with whole black peppercorns, pressed into rush baskets and left under hot whey for about three hours. It is dry-salted three times about ten days apart and ripens at least 60 days. The paste is an even saffron yellow. Made in 6 steps over 2 months. The longest step, ripen, takes at least 2 months (European Commission 2010) and runs at 8–10 °C (European Commission 2010).
Saffron grown around Enna goes into the milk and whole peppercorns into the curd, giving an even yellow paste flecked with black. The cheese is dry-salted three times and ripens at least 60 days.
Saffron and pepper
Local saffron in the vat (about 5 g per hl, ONAF) and whole black peppercorns in the curd
Composition
Fat in dry matter at least 40%, protein in dry matter at least 35%, salt at most 5% of dry matter, pH 4.80–5.70
Size
11–15 cm high, faces 18–20 cm across, 3.5–4.5 kg (dimensions as amended in 2025; the 2010 document gave 14–15 cm and 20–21 cm)
The milk is raw and used at its natural acidity; the finished cheese has a pH of 4.80–5.70 and ripens at least 60 days. These do not remove the risk. In a challenge study, E. coli O157 added to raw and thermised ewe milk was still detectable after 90 days of ripening in Pecorino, a related cheese whose curd was cooked at no more than 45 °C. ANSES advises pregnant women, young children, people over 65 and people with weak immunity not to eat raw-milk cheeses other than pressed cooked ones such as Gruyère, because of Listeria, Salmonella and Shiga-toxin E. coli. Its page does not say whether a semi-cooked cheese like this one counts.
The specification cites a sixteenth-century text, "Le venti giornate dell'agricoltura e dei piaceri della villa", that mentions salting cheese and adding saffron to give it more colour, and Maja's "La Sicilia passeggiata" of 1600. Old producers explain the name as Sicilian piacenti, "pleasing".